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Profitability & BWA
Per-project margins (accrual) and a cash-basis management P&L
The Profitability & BWA page (Accounting → Profitability & BWA) answers two questions from one screen. The Project profitability tab shows an accrual margin per project — invoiced revenue minus direct costs and labor — so you can see which jobs actually made money. The BWA / P&L tab is a cash-basis management statement (BWA / Betriebswirtschaftliche Auswertung) for a period: revenue received, operating costs by category, and the operating result, reconciled to your EÜR. Both are working views inside the app — the Anlage EÜR and UStVA you file still live in Reports.
What this page is for
Two tabs at the top of the page: per-project margins, and a period management P&L.
- Project profitability — one row per project: revenue, direct cost, labor, margin, and margin %. This is accrual (it counts invoiced revenue and incurred costs, regardless of whether they're paid yet).
- BWA / P&L — a cash-basis statement for the period you pick: revenue received, operating costs by category, total cost, operating result, and operating margin.
- Use Project profitability to ask 'which jobs made money?' and the BWA to ask 'how is the business doing this quarter / year?'
- Both tabs respect the company switcher at the top when multi-company accounting is on — every figure is scoped to the selected company.
Tips
- This is a working view, not a filing — the official Anlage EÜR, UStVA, ZM, and DATEV exports are produced in Accounting → Reports.
- Profit and loss numbers are negative-coloured red and positive green so a loss-making project or period stands out.
Reading the project margin table
Each project row reconciles revenue against the costs booked to it. By default it covers the project's whole lifetime.
- Revenue is the net invoiced amount (excluding VAT) on that project's finalised invoices. Draft and cancelled invoices don't count.
- Direct cost is the net amount of expenses linked to the project. If you reclaim input VAT (Vorsteuer), VAT is removed; as a Kleinunternehmer (§19 UStG) the gross amount is the cost, since you can't reclaim it.
- Labor is the cost of approved and pending time entries booked to the project, drawn from time tracking.
- Margin is revenue minus direct cost minus labor; margin % is margin over revenue, with a small inline bar (green for a positive margin, red for a negative one).
- Rows are sorted by margin, best to worst. Click a project name to open its Budget tab and inspect the underlying invoices and expenses.
Tips
- Margin % shows a dash (—) when a project has no revenue — you can't compute a percentage against zero.
- Costs and revenue are matched on the document date (invoice date for revenue, the expense's date for cost), so a project's margin is accrual even when a period filter is on.
Common Pitfalls
- Expecting an unpaid-but-finalised invoice to be missing here — on this tab it already counts, because it's accrual. The BWA tab is the cash one.
Overhead and the totals row
Anything not tied to a project still has to land somewhere, so the table reconciles to a grand total.
- Overhead (unlinked) gathers revenue and costs that aren't linked to any project — it's the italic row above the total.
- The Total row at the bottom sums every project plus Overhead, so the figures always reconcile to your overall revenue and cost.
- To move an amount out of Overhead, link the underlying invoice or expense to a project from its own screen — it then shifts to that project's row.
Tips
- A large Overhead row usually means invoices or expenses simply haven't been linked to projects yet, not that the work was unprofitable.
Where the labor line comes from
Labor is the one input on this page that isn't part of your normal accounting data.
- Labor totals are loaded from time tracking — the earnings on time entries with an approved or pending status, summed per project. Rejected or withdrawn timesheets don't count.
- Own labour (Eigenleistung) is not a cost. Time tracked by a crew member you marked as own labour on the project's Budget tab stays in the margin and shows as a small '+ … own labour' line under the labor amount, with a note explaining it — the same rule the Budget tab uses, so both show the same profit.
- 'Filter by period' narrows labor too: a week of time entries counts in the period its week starts in. Without the filter, labor covers the project's whole lifetime.
- If those costs can't be loaded, a warning appears and the margins shown exclude labor — they aren't silently wrong, just incomplete.
Common Pitfalls
- Reading a margin as final while the 'labor costs couldn't be loaded' note is showing — reload the page so labor is included before you trust the number.
The BWA / P&L statement
The second tab is a cash-basis operating statement for the selected period, reconciled to your EÜR.
- Revenue (cash received) is the income that actually landed in the period — paid invoices, dated by when the money arrived (the linked bank transaction, if there is one), plus cash-book income.
- Operating costs are listed per expense category, largest first, with no 'Other' roll-up. They include cash-book cash expenses. One-off fixed-asset disposals are left out, so the statement shows ordinary operations — the Overview and the Anlage EÜR do count them.
- Partly deductible costs count only with their deductible share — a Bewirtung receipt, for example, with 70 % of its net amount plus its full input VAT — exactly as in the Anlage EÜR.
- Total operating costs, the operating result (revenue minus all costs), and the operating margin close the statement.
- An empty state appears when no cash income or expenses fall in the chosen period.
Tips
- The BWA is cash-basis on purpose, so for a full calendar year it reconciles to your Anlage EÜR for that year.
- Operating margin shows a dash (—) when there's no revenue in the period.
Common Pitfalls
- Comparing a project's accrual margin to the BWA result line for line — the two tabs use different bases (accrual vs. cash) and different scopes, so they won't tie out by design.
Choosing the period
Both tabs use the same period control: This month, Last month, This quarter, This year (the default), Last year, or a custom From / To range.
- On the BWA tab the period drives the whole statement, exactly like the Overview.
- On the Project profitability tab the table is lifetime by default. Tick 'Filter by period' to reveal the period control and narrow the rows to that span.
- The 'This' presets run to-date — This year is year-to-date, This quarter is quarter-to-date, This month is month-to-date — while 'Last' presets are the complete prior period.
- A note under the toggle tells you whether you're seeing lifetime or the selected period.
Tips
- Leave 'Filter by period' off to judge a project over its full life; turn it on to see how a project performed within one quarter or year.
- Each tab keeps its own period, so you can have the BWA on this quarter while the project table stays on lifetime.
Making decisions from the numbers
A few habits keep the figures honest and the comparisons fair.
- Link invoices and expenses to projects as you go — unlinked amounts pile up under Overhead and flatter or distort individual project margins.
- Finalise invoices and categorise expenses before trusting a period: draft documents don't count, and uncategorised costs blur the BWA's category lines.
- Treat margin % as the headline for comparing projects of different sizes; treat the BWA operating result as the headline for the business as a whole.
Read it as two lenses on the same money: Project profitability (accrual) tells you which jobs paid off, the BWA (cash) tells you how the business is doing this period. Keep invoices and expenses linked to projects and finalised, and both lenses stay sharp — then file the official numbers from Reports.
Related Topics
See also
